Studie
The effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function i adults: a systematisk översikt och metaanalys
Across 16 RCTs och 492 adults, creatine monohydrate improved memory (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI 0.18 till 0.44) but did not improve overall cognitive function.
Chen Xu och colleagues pooled 16 randomised kontrollerad trials covering 492 adults aged 20.8 till 76.4 years. All trials used creatine monohydrate. Doser across the included studier ranged från 3 g/day till 20 g/day, plus weight-based dosering at 0.3 g/kg/day. Durations ranged från a single 7.5-hour test window till 18 months. Both friska adults och patients (fibromyalgia, Parkinson's-related mild cognitive impairment, chronic schizophrenia) were included.
Three of five cognitive domains improved. Memory: SMD = 0.31, 95% CI 0.18 till 0.44. Attention time: SMD = -0.31, 95% CI -0.58 till -0.03. Processing speed time: SMD = -0.51, 95% CI -1.01 till -0.01. Overall cognitive function did not improve (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI -0.20 till 0.88, p = 0.22). Executive function did not improve (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI -0.08 till 0.71, p = 0.12).
Subgroup analyses reported larger effects i personer with disease, i adults aged 18 till 60, och i females (processing speed time SMD = -0.87 i females versus -0.35 i males). Short interventions under 4 weeks did not differ från those of 4 weeks or longer. GRADE certainty was moderate for memory och low for varje other domain.
Current evidens suggests that creatine monohydrate supplementation may confer beneficial effects on cognitive function i adults, particularly i the domains of memory, attention time, och information processing speed.
492 deltagare across 16 trials is a small evidens base, och individual trials were small. GRADE certainty was low for processing speed, overall cognition, executive function och attention; only memory reached moderate. The memory analysis pooled 24 effect estimates från fewer trials, so the same deltagare contributed multiple outcomes. Doser (3 till 20 g/day) och durations (7.5 hours till 18 months) were highly heterogeneous, och overall-cognition heterogeneity was I-squared = 75%. Populations mixed friska adults with fibromyalgia, Parkinson's och schizophrenia patients. Overall cognitive function, the outcome most personer care about, was null. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; the authors declare no commercial conflicts. A corrigendum was publicerad i 2025 (PMID 40034739) correcting the artikel DOI.
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