Studie
Erythrocyte Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels are Inversely Associated with Mortality and with Incident Cardiovascular Disease: The Framingham Heart Studie
Higher Omega-3 Index (EPA+DHA in red blood cells) was associated with 34% lower all-cause mortality and 39% lower cardiovascular risk, outperforming cholesterol as a mortality predictor.
Framingham Heart Study-avkomlingkohorten (n=2 500, medelaldern 66, fria från hjärt-kärlsjukdom vid baslinjen) följdes. Högre omega-3-index i röda blodkroppar var kopplat till 34% lägre dödsrisk. Those in the highest quintile (above 6.8%) had 34% lower all-cause mortality (P for trend=0.02) and 39% lower incident CVD risk compared to the lowest quintile (under 4.2%). The strongest association was with non-CV, non-cancer deaths. When serum cholesterol was substituted for the Omega-3 Index in the same model, cholesterol was not significantly associated with any tracked outcome, while the Omega-3 Index was associated with 4 of 5 outcomes. The authors estimated that 1,300 mg/day of additional EPA+DHA would move an individual from the lowest to the highest quintile.
A higher Omega-3 Index was associated with reduced risk of both CVD and all-cause mortality.
Observational design cannot establish causation. The Omega-3 Index may be a marker of overall healthy behavior rather than a causal factor. The RCT evidence (REDUCE-IT, STRENGTH, VITAL) is more mixed.
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